First Aid for Burns

First Aid for Burns

The treatment for burns depends on the severity of the burn. Burns are classified into three categories:

1. First-Degree Burns (Superficial)
   • Affect only the outer layer of skin (epidermis)
   • Symptoms: Redness, mild swelling, and pain
   • Example: Sunburn

   First Aid Steps:

   • Cool the burn: Hold under cool (not icy) running water for 10-20 minutes or apply a cool, damp compress.
   • Protect the burn: Cover with a sterile, non-stick dressing.
   • Pain relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers (ibuprofen, acetaminophen) can help.
   • Hydration: Drink water to prevent dehydration.
   • Avoid: Ice, butter, or ointments as they can worsen the burn.

2. Second-Degree Burns (Partial-Thickness)
   • Affect both the outer and underlying layer of skin (dermis)
   • Symptoms: Blisters, intense redness, swelling, and pain

   First Aid Steps:

   • Cool the burn: Run under cool water for 10-20 minutes.
   • Do NOT pop blisters: This can lead to infection.
   • Cover the burn: Use a non-stick, sterile bandage or clean cloth.
   • Pain management: Take over-the-counter pain relievers.
   • Seek medical attention if the burn is larger than 3 inches, on the face, hands, feet, joints, or genitals.

3. Third-Degree Burns (Full-Thickness)
   • Affect all layers of skin and may reach muscles, bones, or nerves
   • Symptoms: White, blackened, or charred skin, loss of sensation (numbness)

   First Aid Steps:

   • Call 911 immediately – this is a medical emergency.
   • Do NOT remove burned clothing (unless smoldering).
   • Do NOT immerse in water (risk of shock).
   • Cover the burn: Use a loose, sterile, dry bandage.
   • Elevate burned areas (if possible) to reduce swelling.
   • Monitor for shock: Symptoms include pale skin, rapid breathing, or fainting.

Special Burn Cases

🔥 Chemical Burns: Rinse with cool running water for at least 20 minutes; remove contaminated clothing. ⚡ Electrical Burns: Call 911, ensure the victim is away from the electrical source, and check for breathing and pulse. 🌡️ Burns to the Face, Hands, or Genitals: Always seek medical care regardless of severity.

Would you like a printable first-aid guide for burns? 🚑🔥