First Aid for Burns

The treatment for burns depends on the severity of the burn. Burns are classified into three categories:

  1. First-Degree Burns (Superficial)
    • Affect only the outer layer of skin (epidermis)
    • Symptoms: Redness, mild swelling, and pain
    • Example: Sunburn

    First Aid Steps:

    • Cool the burn: Hold under cool (not icy) running water for 10-20 minutes or apply a cool, damp compress.
    • Protect the burn: Cover with a sterile, non-stick dressing.
    • Pain relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers (ibuprofen, acetaminophen) can help.
    • Hydration: Drink water to prevent dehydration.
    • Avoid: Ice, butter, or ointments as they can worsen the burn.
  1. Second-Degree Burns (Partial-Thickness)
    • Affect both the outer and underlying layer of skin (dermis)
    • Symptoms: Blisters, intense redness, swelling, and pain

    First Aid Steps:

    • Cool the burn: Run under cool water for 10-20 minutes.
    • Do NOT pop blisters: This can lead to infection.
    • Cover the burn: Use a non-stick, sterile bandage or clean cloth.
    • Pain management: Take over-the-counter pain relievers.
    • Seek medical attention if the burn is larger than 3 inches, on the face, hands, feet, joints, or genitals.
  1. Third-Degree Burns (Full-Thickness)
    • Affect all layers of skin and may reach muscles, bones, or nerves
    • Symptoms: White, blackened, or charred skin, loss of sensation (numbness)

    First Aid Steps:

    • Call 911 immediately – this is a medical emergency.
    • Do NOT remove burned clothing (unless smoldering).
    • Do NOT immerse in water (risk of shock).
    • Cover the burn: Use a loose, sterile, dry bandage.
    • Elevate burned areas (if possible) to reduce swelling.
    • Monitor for shock: Symptoms include pale skin, rapid breathing, or fainting.

Special Burn Cases

🔥 Chemical Burns: Rinse with cool running water for at least 20 minutes; remove contaminated clothing. ⚡ Electrical Burns: Call 911, ensure the victim is away from the electrical source, and check for breathing and pulse. 🌡️ Burns to the Face, Hands, or Genitals: Always seek medical care regardless of severity.

Would you like a printable first-aid guide for burns? 🚑🔥